Anubis - Dog-headed God of Death 

Ancient Egyptians strongly believed in life after death. In some places, it has been mentioned that rather than one being reborn in another soul after death, they go to God or to the world of the dead. In ancient Egypt, underground burial chambers were called 'mastaba'. At that time, these tombs were reserved for people from royal and noble families as well as non-royals. When a royal person was buried in the mastaba, the condition they were in when they were alive, their actions, etc. were painted on the walls next to it. Moreover, it was seen that the tools, valuables, pets, horses, and servants used by the royalty were buried next to the person.

This was done because they firmly believed that the person would be able to use them in life after his death. Although it is mentioned in history that the servants of some royals were buried alive in those places, it is a matter that historians can imagine logically even today. There was a guard in this mastaba. In Egyptian history, as the god of death and the grave, there is a person called "Anubis". He is considered to wear a dog or jackal head. However, whether it is a myth or a reality is debatable. It is due to the fact that even in some places of history he has presented facts that indicate that he is true. However, he was a man who lived in secret. 'Anubis' is the Greek name for the linker of mummification and the afterlife in the Egyptian religious context. He was known as the man with the dog's head because he always wore a black dog's head.

Like other deities in Egypt, Anubis was distinguished by the uniqueness of various actions. During the period of the First Dynasty 3100-2890 BC, the mastaba was introduced as the guardian of tombs and embalming. Wearing a black dog's head, his lower part is a human body. The reasons for adding black to the hival or dog's head he wore are given to reflect fertility and rebirth after death. History mentions Anubis' parents as mere myths. One myth is that he was the son of the goddess Nephtys and Osiris, lord of the underworld. However, Hay actively contributed to the methods of keeping corpses or mummification, as well as the religious rituals performed in the mastaba and giving freedom to the afterlife of dead people, as an authorized person such as connecting him or her with it. In some places, he is not a protector but a ruler. He is also believed to be of Greek origin. But these are just opinions. At the top of the list of deeds that Anubis is said to have done is as a guardian of the tomb. It is said that many burial tombs existed at that time, in the western plains of the Nile. Dogs and foxes are seen guarding the chambers in front of some tombs and it is said that they were controlled by Anubis. Anubis is said to have had a special knowledge of the human body and to have made a remarkable development in the practice of mummification, both among superstitions and in historical facts. A black dog head with long ears and a red ribbon were worn during each of these acts. Because of this, it is difficult to imagine what kind of person he is. The best example is his painting in Tutankhamun's tomb. It is said that Anubis used various medicines and perfumes to preserve the corpses, and the relatives of the deceased did it by sponsoring him, similar to worshiping Anubis. Because they believed that Anubis would be motivated to give his dead relative the highest contribution to the life after death. Therefore, the next thing is that he acted as a guide to the future of the dead people. This is best illustrated by the fact that in tombs, his image is painted. Because of this, in some places, it was also known that he could be a ruler in the world of the dead.

Because of this, Anubis is said to have guided him to Osiris, lord of the underworld. In some places, he is depicted with a "scale". There are some supernatural beliefs about this too. The paintings are thought to reflect Anubis measuring the heart (which is believed to mean the soul) of those who were fit to go to the land of death (the world of the dead). He is said to have used a 'back quill' with scales made for that purpose. If the heart is heavier than the feather, that person is handed over to a demon of the underworld called 'Ammit'. The idea is that the person's heart is impure. It was thought that if the heart was lighter than a feather, i.e. enlightened, that person could enter a divine world. Since then, beliefs such as these have surrounded the god Anubis. From ancient times till today, he was said to be deified by the people of that time, due to his mystical powers and actions. Even today, paintings of Anubis can be seen on the walls of ancient tombs. It is the belief that those tombs and the dead people who belong to them will receive protection from him. Even today, the truth or falsity of the existing myths or historical facts about him has not been ascertained.

But in Egypt, excavations at the eastern "Saqqara" area (then known as Anubeion) have reportedly unearthed mummified dogs and foxes. If so, whether 'Anubis' is a fact or a myth will have to be further examined in relation to history.